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(1)
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I
[ He / She ]
was a student.
I
[ He / She ] was
not a student.
= I [ He /
She ] wasn't a
student.
Was
I [ he / she ]
a student? |
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(2)
|
We
[ You / They ]
were students.
We
[ You / They ]
were not students.
= We [ You
/ They ] weren't
students.
Were
we [ you / they
] students? |
|
|
(3)
|
I
liked an apple.
I
did not (또는 didn't)
like an apple.
Did
you like an
apple? |
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A.
was/ were (be동사의 과거)
| * |
'우리 말로
'~이다.
~입니다.'
에 해당하는
말로, 영어에서는
‘am,’
‘are,’
‘is’
를 be동사라고
부른다고 했습니다.
이번에는 우리말로
'~이었다.
~이었습니다.'
에 해당하는
was/ were에 해당하는 말을
배워 보겠습니다.
|
주어 |
be동사의
현재 |
be동사의
과거 |
|
|
I |
am |
was
|
|
He/
She/
It |
is |
|
You/
We/
They |
are |
were |
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
|
I
am
a
student.
(나는
학생입니다.) |
I
was
a
student.
(나는
학생이었습니다.) |
|
He
is
a
student. |
He
was
a
student. |
|
You
are
a
student. |
You
were
a
student. |
|
위에서 보는
것처럼 am과
is의 과거는
was로 are는
were로
바꾸기만 하면
됩니다.
아래의 표를
보고 구체적으로
주어와 be동사
과거와의 관계를
익혀 두시기
바랍니다.
|
긍정문 |
부정문 |
의문문 |
|
기본
형태 |
기본
형태 |
줄인
형태 |
|
I
was
|
I
was
not
|
I
wasn't
|
Was
I?
|
|
You
were
|
You
were
not
|
You
weren't
|
Were
you?
|
|
He
was
|
He
was
not
|
He
wasn't |
Was
he?
|
| She
was
|
She
was
not
|
She
wasn't
|
Was
she?
|
|
|
|
It
was
|
It
was
not
|
It
wasn't
|
Was
it?
|
|
We
were
|
We
were
not
|
We
weren't
|
Were
we?
|
|
You
were
|
You
were
not
|
You
weren't
|
Were
you?
|
|
They
were
|
They
were
not
|
They
weren't
|
Were
they?
|
|
| * |
I
[ He /
She ]
was
a student.
I
[ He /
She ]
was not
a
student.
= I
[ He /
She ]
wasn't
a
student.
Was
I [ he
/ she
]
a student? |
| |
|
| * |
We
[ You
/ They
]
were
students.
We
[ You
/ They
] were
not students.
= We
[ You
/ They
] weren't
students.
Were
we [ you
/ they
]
students? |
| |
|
| |
|
B.
일반동사의 과거
| * |
일반 동사의
과거형도 'be
동사'처럼
몇 가지 규칙을
알고 나면,
쉽게 일반
동사의 과거형을
익힐 수 있으며,
일반적으로
주어에 관계없이
동사원형에
-ed를 붙이면
되며, 부정문이나
의문문에 사용했던
do나 does는
did로 바꾸면
됩니다.
|
주어 |
일반동사의
현재 |
일반동사의
과거 |
|
|
I/
You/
We/
They |
work
|
worked
|
|
He/
She/
It |
works |
|
I/
You/
We/
They |
do |
did
|
|
He/
She/
It |
does |
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
|
I
work.
(나는
일을
합니다.) |
I
worked.
(나는
일을
했습니다.) |
|
He
works. |
He
worked. |
| I
do
not
work.
|
I
did
not
work.
|
|
He
does
not
work. |
He
did
not
work. |
|
아래
표를 통해
일반동사의
주어와 일반동사과거와의
관계를 익혀
두시기 바랍니다.
|
긍정문 |
부정문 |
의문문 |
|
기본
형태 |
줄인
형태 |
|
I
worked
|
I
did
not
work
|
I
didn't
work
|
Did
I
work?
|
|
You
worked
|
You
did
not
work
|
You
didn't
work
|
Did you
work?
|
|
He
worked |
He
did
not
work
|
He
didn't
work |
Did
he
work?
|
| She
worked |
She
did
not
work
|
She
didn't
work |
Did
she
work?
|
|
|
|
It
worked |
It
did
not
work
|
It
didn't
work
|
Did
it
work?
|
|
We
worked |
We
did
not
work
|
We
didn't
work
|
Did
we
work?
|
|
You
worked |
You
did
not
work
|
You
didn't
work
|
Did
you
work?
|
|
They
worked |
They
did
not
work
|
They
didn't
work
|
Did
they
work?
|
I
liked
an
apple.
(나는
사과를 좋아했다.)
I
did not
(또는 didn't)
like
an apple.
(나는
사과를 좋아하지
않았다.)
Did
you like
an
apple?
(너는
사과를 좋아했느냐?)
위에서 일반동사의
과거는 동사원형에
'-ed'를
붙인다고 했습니다.
그러나 이 것 외에도 아래 표에서 보는 바와 같이 'd'
또는 'ied'를
붙이거나,
전혀 다른
형태로 변화하는
예외의 경우가
있습니다.
| 1. |
동사
끝이
'e'로
끝나면
'ed'를
또
붙이지
않고
'd'만
붙이면
됩니다.
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
love |
loved |
|
like |
liked |
|
move |
moved |
love
(사랑하다),
like
(좋아하다),
move
(움직이다) |
| 2. |
동사의
끝이
'단모음
+
단자음'으로
끝나면,
자음
하나를
더
쓰고,
'ed'를
붙입니다.
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
stop |
stopped |
|
plan |
planned |
|
admit |
admitted |
stop
(중지하다),
plan
(계획하다),
admit
(허락하다)
그러나
visit
(방문하다)
의
과거는
visited입니다.
(visitted가
아님.
단모음+
단자음으로
끝나는
경우에도
visit
처럼액센트가
앞에
오는
경우에는
자음을
하나
더
쓰지
않습니다.
admit
처럼
액센트가
뒤에
오는
경우에만
자음
하나를
더
붙입니다.
예:
prefer
(더
좋아하다)
⇒
preferred,
) |
| 3 |
동사의
끝이
'자음
+
y'
로
끝나는
동사는
y
를
i
로
고치고
'ed'를
붙입니다.
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
study |
studied |
|
cry |
cried |
|
carry |
carried |
study
(공부하다),
cry
(울다),
carry
(운반하다)
그러나
play
(놀다)
의
과거는
played입니다.
(plaied가
아님.
모음
+
y로
끝나는
경우에는
그냥
'ed'만
붙입니다.) |
| 4 |
동사의
현재형과
과거형이
같은
것
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
put |
put |
|
cut |
cut |
|
let |
let |
put
(놓다),
cut
(자르다),
let
(~을
하게하다) |
| 5. |
규칙적으로
변하지
않는
것
|
현재 |
과거 |
|
have/
has |
had |
|
go |
went |
|
come |
came |
|
find |
found |
|
say |
said |
have
(가지고
있다),
go
(가다),
come
(오다),
find
(발견하다),
say
(말하다)
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| ※ 다음 문장을
과거형으로 바꿀
떄,
빈칸에 알맞는
말을 써 넣으세요. |
| (1) |
You
aren't a
policeman.
⇒ You ______
a policeman. |
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| (2) |
Is
she a teacher?
⇒ ______
she a teacher? |
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| (3) |
I
am sick.
⇒ I ______
sick. |
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| (4) |
This
is on the
desk. ⇒
This ______
on the desk. |
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| (5) |
They
study hard.
⇒ They ______
hard. |
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| (6) |
Do
you have
a camera?
⇒ ______
you ______
a camera?
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| (7) |
She
looks at
the window.
⇒ She ______
at the window. |
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| (8) |
Do
you go to
school today?
⇒ ______
you ______
to school
today? |
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| (9) |
I
don't want
an apple.
⇒ I ______
an apple. |
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| (10) |
She
has a dog.
⇒ She ______
a dog. |
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| Answer : |
|
정답을 보시려면
마우스로 긁으세요.
(1)
weren't,
(2) Was,
(3) was,
(4) was,
(5) studied,
(6) Did,
have,
(7) looked,
(8) Did,
go, (9)
didn't
want,
(10) had |
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| 영문법 첫 화면으로 |
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