can, will, could, would, should, must, may (Á¶µ¿»ç)
 
 
     
(1)
I can (cannot, can't) swim.
Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
(2)
I will (will not, won't) swim.
Will you swim? Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
(3)
When I was young, I could run fast.
Could I swim?
Could you open the door?
(4) He told me that he would go there.
After lunch he would go for a walk.
It would be about a mile from here to the school.
Would you open the door?
 
(5) You should go home now.  
(6) We must follow the school rule.
They must be twins.
 
(7)

He may (might) come back.
You may stay here.

 
     
 
 
 
 
*

¿µ¾î¿¡¼­ µ¿»ç´Â Å©°Ô (1)Be µ¿»ç, (2)ÀϹݵ¿»ç, (3)Á¶µ¿»ç ¼¼ Á¾·ù·Î ³ª´µ¾î Áý´Ï´Ù.

Be µ¿»ç¿Í ÀϹݵ¿»ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ¹è¿ü°í, À̹ø¿¡´Â ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î Á¶µ¿»ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇϰڽÀ´Ï´Ù.

Á¶µ¿»ç´Â ÀϹݵ¿»ç¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀϹݵ¿»ç¸¦ µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϸç, ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ±ÔÄ¢À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ±ÔÄ¢
1. Á¶µ¿»ç´Â Á־ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ¾ðÁ¦³ª °°Àº ÇüÅ·Π¾²ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
2. Á¶µ¿»ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â Á־ °ü°è¾øÀÌ µ¿»ç¿øÇüÀÌ ¿É´Ï´Ù.

 

A. can (~ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù)

*
±àÁ¤¹®
  [ I / You / He / They] can swim. (³ª´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.)
ºÎ
Á¤
¹®
±âº» ÇüÅÂ
  [ I / You / He / They ] cannot swim. (³ª´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.)
ÁÙÀÎ ÇüÅÂ
  [ I / You / He / They ] can't swim.
Àǹ®¹®
  Can [ you / he / they ] swim? (³Ê´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´À³Ä?)
Àǹ®¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÂªÀº ´ë´ä

  Can you swim? (³Ê´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´À³Ä?)
  Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
  (ÀÀ, ³ª´Â ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î. / ¾Æ´Ï, ³ª´Â ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾î.)


* À§¿¡¼­ º¸´Â °Íó·³, ÁÖ¾î(I, You, He, They)¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ¾ðÁ¦³ª canÀ» ¾²°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, can ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â Á־ °ü°è¾øÀÌ µ¿»ç¿øÇü (swim)ÀÌ ¿Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç Á¶µ¿»ç¿¡ ¶È°°ÀÌ Àû¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
* ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÁ¤À» ¸¸µé ¶§, do not ó·³ µ¿»ç¿Í not Àº ¶³¾îÁ®¼­ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù¸¸, canÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àº ºÙ¿©¼­ cannotÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
*

Can I swim? Àº ³ª´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´À³Ä? ¶ó´Â Àǹ̰¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, '³»°¡ ¼ö¿µÇصµ µË´Ï±î?' ¶ó´Â Çã¶ôÀ» ¹¯´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Can I swim? (³»°¡ ¼ö¿µÇصµ µË´Ï±î?)
Can I
come in? (µé¾î°¡µµ µË´Ï±î?)

 

B. will (~ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù)

*
±à
Á¤
¹®
±âº» ÇüÅÂ
  [ I / You / He / They] will swim. (³ª´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
ÁÙÀÎ ÇüÅÂ
[ I'll / You'll / He'll / They'll ] swim.
ºÎ
Á¤
¹®
±âº» ÇüÅÂ
  [ I/ You/ He/ They] will not swim.(³ª´Â ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
ÁÙÀÎ ÇüÅÂ
  [ I / You / He / They ] won't swim.
Àǹ®¹®
  Will [ you / he / they ] swim? (³Ê´Â ¼ö¿µÇÒ°Å´Ï?)
Àǹ®¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÂªÀº ´ë´ä

  Will you swim? (³Ê´Â ¼ö¿µÇÒ°Å´Ï?)
  Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
  (ÀÀ, ³ª´Â ÇÒ °Å¾ß. / ¾Æ´Ï, ³ª´Â ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °Å¾ß.)

*
be going to + µ¿»ç¿øÇü

will °ú be going to´Â ¶È °°ÀÌ '~ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.¶ó´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇÁö¸¸, Ưº°È÷ ´ÙÀ½ µÎ°¡ÁöÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â be going to¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù..
1. (ÀÌ¹Ì °áÁ¤µÈ °ÍÀ» °¡±î¿î Àå·¡¿¡) ~ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¢¡ I am going to fly to New York tomorrow. (³ª´Â ³»ÀÏ ´º¿å¿¡ (ºñÇà±â·Î)°¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
2. (Àǵµ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾î) ~ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¢¡ I am going to be a doctor. (³ª´Â Àǻ簡 µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.)

 

C. ±âŸ

 
Á¶µ¿»ç
ÁÖ¿ä ¿ë¹ý
could
1.
~ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
( canÀÇ °ú°Å)
When I was young, I could run fast.
(³»°¡ Àþ¾úÀ» ¶§, ³ª´Â »¡¸® ¶Û ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
2. Could I ~?
(~ÇØµµ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï±î?)
Can I~? º¸´Ù Á¤ÁßÇÑ Ç¥Çö
Could I swim?
(Á¦°¡ ¼ö¿µÇصµ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï±î?)
3. Could you ~?
(~ÇØ ÁֽðڽÀ´Ï±î?)
Could you open the door?
(±× ¹® Á» ¿­¾îÁֽðڽÀ´Ï±î?)
¢À
could ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤¹® : could not (couldn't)
would
1.
~ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (will ÀÇ °ú°Å)

He told me that he would go there.
(±×´Â °Å±â¿¡ °¥°ÍÀ̶ó°í ³ª¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù.)
2. (°ú°Å¿¡)~Çϰï Çß¾ú´Ù.
( °ú°ÅÀÇ ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀÎ ½À°ü)
After lunch he would go for a walk.
(±×´Â Á¡½É ÈÄ¿¡ »êÃ¥À» °¡°ï Çß´Ù.)
3. (°¡Á¤ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿©) ~ ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.



It would be about a mile from here to the school. (¿©±â¼­ Çб³±îÁö´Â 1¸¶ÀÏÂë µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
¢¡ Á¤È®È÷ ÃøÁ¤ÇØ º¸Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, '¸¸¾à ÃøÁ¤ÇØ º» ´Ù¸é'ÀÇ Àǹ̰¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
4. Would you ~?
(~ ÇØ ÁֽðڽÀ´Ï±î?)
Would you open the door?
(±× ¹® Á» ¿­¾îÁֽðڽÀ´Ï±î?)
¢À
would ÀÇ ÁÙÀÎ ÇüÅ : 'd (I'd, You'd, ...)
would ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ : would not (wouldn't)
should
1.
~ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú´Ù.

You should go home now.
(³Í ÀÌÁ¦ Áý¿¡ °¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú´Ù.)
¢À
should ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ : should not (shouldn't)
must
1.
~ ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

We must follow the school rule.
(¿ì¸®´Â Çб³±ÔÄ¢¿¡ µû¶ó¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
2. ~ÀÓ¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.

They must be twins.
(±×µéÀº ½ÖµÕÀÌÀÓ¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.)
¢À

must ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ : must not (mustn't)

may
1.
~ ÀÏÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. (= might)

He may (might) come back.
(±×´Â µ¹¾Æ¿ÃÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù.)
2. ~ ÇØµµ ÁÁ´Ù.



You may stay here.
(³×°¡ ¿©±â¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¯µµ ÁÁ´Ù.)
May I come in?
(³»°¡ µé¾î°¡µµ ÁÁ½À´Ï±î?)
¢À

may ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ : may not

 
 
 
 
 
¡Ø ´ÙÀ½ ¹®Àå¿¡ Àû´çÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇϼ¼¿ä.

(1) You are fat. You (should , could) walk more.    
(2) He is going to (play, plays) tennis.    
(3) (Could, Should) I use your pencil?    
(4) You (mustn't, wouldn't) drive fast.    
(5) She can (read, reads) a book.    
(6) (Would, Should) you close the window?    
(7) Call me this evening. I'll (am, be) home.    
(8) When she was 10, she (can, could) speak English well.    
(9) He must (is, be) rich.    
(10) Can you play the piano? (Yes, I can't., No, I can't.)    
       

Answer :


Á¤´äÀ» º¸½Ã·Á¸é ¸¶¿ì½º·Î ±ÜÀ¸¼¼¿ä.

(1) should, (2) play, (3) Could, (4) mustn't, (5) read, (6) Would, (7) be,
(8) could, (9) be, (10) No, I can't.

 
 
¿µ¹®¹ý ù È­¸éÀ¸·Î